Astronomical Unit

The distance between the Earth and the sun is used as a measurement of large distances of space. The earth is roughly 150 million km from sun on average, that distance  is called an astronomical Unit, AU. They did it this way to reduce the size of the numbers that represent the distances so humans can begin to imagine the scale of the solar system and deep space. 

image created by artificial intelligence (chatGPT) 

Distances from the sun 

Earth is 1 AU astronomical Unit (150 million km) 

Mercury is about ⅓ of an AU. 

Venus is 0.72 AU. 

Mars is 1.5 AU, about 50% further than Earth. 

Jupiter is 5.2 AU, 5.2 times further from the sun than Earth.

Saturn is 9.4 AU, nearly 10 times further from the sun than Earth. 

Uranus is 19.22 AU . 

Neptune is 30.06 AU, nearly twice as far from the sun as Uranus, that is why you need a telescope to see it. 

Pluto is 39.53 AU 

Sources 

Nasa Website: https://science.nasa.gov/solar-system/

Book: The Planets By Professor Brian Cox, ISBN 9780007488841